Which observation method does NOT allow interaction with the child?

The observation method that does not allow interaction with the child is non-participant observation. In this approach, the observer remains detached and does not engage with the child or alter their natural behavior in any way. This method focuses on observing the child’s actions and interactions without influencing them, allowing for an authentic representation of their behavior in various situations.

In contrast, participant observation involves the observer actively engaging with the child, which can change the dynamics and influence behavior. Covert observation involves observing without the subject's knowledge, which can have ethical implications but still permits the observer to witness real-time behavior without interaction. Overt observation, where the subject is aware they are being observed, does not involve interaction but still differs from non-participant observation because it allows the observer to possibly communicate or interact at minimal levels.